Gestão & Estratégia

Análise do artigo: “Brazil Takes Off” publicado pela The Economist

É inegável que o Brasil está em evidência no exterior, muitos países têm olhado com grande curiosidade e admiração a forma com que o Brasil encarou a crise. Realmente fomos um dos últimos a sentir os efeitos da desaceleração mundial e nossa economia já desponta com crescimento vigoroso e consumo em alta.

A imagem do país também mudou consideravelmente, anteriormente palavras como “Carnaval” e “Futebol” eram diretamente e facilmente associadas ao Brasil. Hoje em dia o cenário é diferente, eu mesmo tive essa experiência de forma muito clara a última vez que estive em Stanford, todos alunos que descobriam que eu era brasileiro me abordavam de forma entusiasmada sempre iniciando a conversa com duas perguntas: “E a economia? Vejo que vocês tem crescido muito!”, “E o presidente Lula? Ele realmente está transformando o país?”.

Tenho que reconhecer que eu também sou um grande entusiasta do crescimento brasileiro e do sucesso recente da nossa economia. No entanto, vale lembrar que muito do que nos salvou da crise também nos manteve isolados e em estado de estagnação econômica por um longo tempo. Nosso mercado vem se mostrando cada vez mais dinâmico e vigoroso e nossas empresas tem atingido níveis de expansão e lucro que fazem inveja ao mundo desenvolvido, mas precisamos sempre nos lembrar também dos problemas que ainda temos que resolver. O artigo “Brazil takes off” publicado pela The Economist apresenta muito bem este cenário e aponta de maneira excelente este contraponto entre o sucesso recente e os problemas ainda em aberto. Uma ótima leitura para compreender o momento em que estamos vivendo:

“WHEN, back in 2001, economists at Goldman Sachs bracketed Brazil with Russia, India and China as the economies that would come to dominate the world, there was much sniping about the B in the BRIC acronym. Brazil? A country with a growth rate as skimpy as its swimsuits, prey to any financial crisis that was around, a place of chronic political instability, whose infinite capacity to squander its obvious potential was as legendary as its talent for football and carnivals, did not seem to belong with those emerging titans.

Now that scepticism looks misplaced. China may be leading the world economy out of recession but Brazil is also on a roll. It did not avoid the downturn, but was among the last in and the first out. Its economy is growing again at an annualised rate of 5%. It should pick up more speed over the next few years as big new deep-sea oilfields come on stream, and as Asian countries still hunger for food and minerals from Brazil’s vast and bountiful land. Forecasts vary, but sometime in the decade after 2014—rather sooner than Goldman Sachs envisaged—Brazil is likely to become the world’s fifth-largest economy, overtaking Britain and France. By 2025 São Paulo will be its fifth-wealthiest city, according to PwC, a consultancy.

At last, economic sense

In fact, Brazil’s emergence has been steady, not sudden. The first steps were taken in the 1990s when, having exhausted all other options, it settled on a sensible set of economic policies. Inflation was tamed, and spendthrift local and federal governments were required by law to rein in their debts. The Central Bank was granted autonomy, charged with keeping inflation low and ensuring that banks eschew the adventurism that has damaged Britain and America. The economy was thrown open to foreign trade and investment, and many state industries were privatised.

National champions and national handicaps

There are new problems on the horizon, just beyond those oil platforms offshore. The real has gained almost 50% against the dollar since early December. That boosts Brazilians’ living standards by making imports cheaper. But it makes life hard for exporters. The government last month imposed a tax on short-term capital inflows. But that is unlikely to stop the currency’s appreciation, especially once the oil starts pumping.

Lula is right to say that his country deserves respect, just as he deserves much of the adulation he enjoys. But he has also been a lucky president, reaping the rewards of the commodity boom and operating from the solid platform for growth erected by his predecessor, Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Maintaining Brazil’s improved performance in a world suffering harder times means that Lula’s successor will have to tackle some of the problems that he has felt able to ignore. So the outcome of the election may determine the speed with which Brazil advances in the post-Lula era. Nevertheless, the country’s course seems to be set. Its take-off is all the more admirable because it has been achieved through reform and democratic consensus-building. If only China could say the same.”

Fonte: http://www.economist.com/opinion/displaystory.cfm?story_id=14845197

Copyright: The Economist